Nodules . Many angiosperms, particularly beans, can fix atmospheric nitrogen by hiring the help of a symbiotic germs. Such germs are now living in unique shocks toward bush sources which have been called nodules . The most used types of bacteria in order to create nodules is the genus Rhizobium. Resources nodules are now and again confused with parasitic plant haustoria.
Obligate Parasite . A herb that has to put on a host to accomplish its lifetime stage. All holoparasites try obligate whereas only some hemiparasites try obligate including due to the fact mistletoes and you may Striga asiatica .
Parasite . Good symbiotic relationship whereby an organism obtains about some of its nutrition directly from another organism. When you look at the plant life, a restrictive definition has only parasitic organisms that have haustorial involvement with other plants, maybe not myco-heterotrophs. Discover plus hemiparasite, holoparasite, facultative parasite and you will obligate parasite.
Pathogen . A great parasite who has clear harmful consequences with the host bush. Types of bush pathogens include Striga , Orobanche , Cuscuta , and you can Arceuthobium . Such as for example, beechdrops ( Epifagus ) try good parasite on beech trees but may not end up being titled a good pathogen.
A system you to definitely obtains their dinner away from decaying all-natural matter
Perigone . In some members of Rafflesiaceae ( Rafflesia , Sapria , and you will Rhizanthes), new perianth is referred to as the brand new perigone. It’s consisting of good perigone tubing and you can perigone lobes.
Opposition . An element otherwise top features of a herb one to avoid they regarding serving while the a breeding ground to a great parasitic plant. Which opposition is manifested prior to otherwise just after initial haustorial accessory.
Prone . An element or attributes of a plant that enable they in order to serve as an atmosphere so you can a beneficial parasitic bush.
Symbiosis . A broad biological identity talking about at the very least two organisms way of life together. The participants are called symbionts. Has a great deal more particular contacts including parasitism, mutualism, neutralism (parasymbiosis), commensalism, etcetera.
General issues . An infection away from an atmosphere of the an excellent parasitic plant in which the new development of the fresh endophyte has actually rate for the growth of the fresh server meristem. Also known as isophasic increases. Can be seen in a few dwarf mistletoes ( Arceuthobium pusillum , A good. douglasii) and you will Pilostyles .
Viscin . An elaborate topic covering the seed of all mistletoesposed out of a few parts: 1) good mucilaginous pectic issue one accounts for the fresh new stickiness and you will liquids-carrying ability of the viscin (oligo-D-galacturonic acidic and you may dos) helical strands consisting of cellulose. Find Paquet ainsi que al. (1986, Bot. Gaz. -158). Example: Phoradendron serotinum .
Saprophytism
Witches’ broom . A keen heavy aggregation from host twigs that is hormonally induced because of the the clear presence of fungal or mistletoes particularly Arceuthobium. Both only called a good “broom.” In Arceuthobium, two first types are present: nonsystemic brooms, instance from inside the A. campylopodum (= A beneficial tsugense) where the parasite endophyte will not ramify in servers structure and you can systemic brooms, as in A good. pusillum where endophyte meristem happen near and you can splits when you look at the synchrony for the machine meristem.
Woodrose . 
A beneficial deformation of your own machine supplementary xylem (wood) caused of the a parasitic plant haustorium. The new haustorium reasons this new machine cambium to improve the amount of wood deposited leading to a beneficial placenta-eg framework. The proper execution of woodrose differ based upon the latest parasite/machine integration and may also assume good columnar, conical or saddle contour. If parasite tissues becomes deceased out, all that is kept ‘s the host xylem, and that woodroses consist totally away from servers muscle. In the Old and you will “” new world “” tropics, mistletoe woodroses are sold while the curiosities and are also often created to your elaborate art. It pictures suggests an excellent woodrose designed from the an as yet not known person in Loranthaceae and a beneficial sculpture away from an effective lizard made from an identical you to definitely. Woodroses are also formed because of the balanophoraceous holoparasite Dactylanthus .
